PRODUCT KNOWLEDGE 16 M GRADER CATERPILLAR

PRODUCT KNOWLEDGE 16M GRADER

The 16M motor grader represents a revolution in operational efficiency, visibility, service ease and overall productivity, setting the new standard and building on the legacy of high quality you can trust.

Operator Station
The 16M features a revolutionary cab design that provides unmatched comfort,
visibility and ease of use, making the operator more confident and productive.

Advanced Joystick Controls. Two electro- hydraulic joysticks reduce hand and wrist movement as much as 78% compared to conventional lever controls for greatly
enhanced operator efficiency. The intuitive pattern is easy to learn and provides the precise implement control you expect from Caterpillar.

Auxiliary Pod and Ripper Control.
The optional ripper control and auxiliary control pod are ergonomically positioned to allow simple, comfortable operation for the multiple hydraulic options.

Visibility. The 16M boasts excellent visibility to the work area, made possible with angled cab doors, a tapered engine enclosure and a patented sloped rear window.

In-Dash Instrument Cluster.
The instrument panel, with easy-to-read, high-visibility gauges and warning lamps, keeps the operator aware of critical system information.

Cat Messenger. Cat Messenger provides real-time machine performance and diagnostic data. You can quickly view critical performance and operating information, in multiple languages, helping to maximize the life and productivity of the machine.

Controls and Switches. Reliable, long- life rocker switches are located on the right side cab post and front instrument cluster, within easy reach for the operator.

Low Interior Sound and Vibration Levels. Isolation mounts for the cab, engine and transmission, in addition to the relocation of the hydraulic pump and valves, provide significant sound and vibration reductions. The low vibration levels and quiet interior (72 dB(A)) provide a comfortable work environment.

Cat Comfort Series Seat. The Cat® Comfort Series suspension seat has an ergonomic high-back design, with extra thick contoured cushions and infinitely adjustable lumbar support that evenly distributes the operator’s weight. Multiple seat controls and armrests are easy to adjust for optimal support and comfort all day. The optional air suspension seat enhances ride
quality for additional comfort.

Comfort and Convenience. Caterpillar has built the most comfortable cab in the industry by replacing the control levers and steering wheel with two joystick controls, and lengthening the cab to give more leg room.

Multiple adjustment capabilities for the arm rest, wrist rests and joystick pods help keep the operator comfortable throughout a long shift.

Modular HVAC System. The standard modular heating, ventilation and air conditioning system is fully integrated into the design of the cab. The modular design allows for easy replacement or repair with minimum downtime. Intelligent placement of vents provides consistent climate control and clear windows for every condition. The high- capacity system dehumidifies air and pressurizes the cab, circulating fresh
air and sealing out dust. An easily accessible fresh air filter is located outside the cab at ground level for quick replacement or cleaning.

Optional HVAC Precleaner. Increases the service interval of the HVAC fresh air filter by up to ten times.

Additional Cab Features. Additional cab features include cup holder, lighter and ashtray, coat hook, storage area, night time light, and power port. An optional rearview camera, 25 amp power converter and satellite radio are also available.

Steering and Implement Controls
The 16M sets the new standard for motor grader operational efficiency.

Ease of Operation. The revolutionary joystick controls and exceptional visibility make the 16M easier to operate without sacrificing control.

The intuitive joystick control pattern allows both new and experienced operators to become productive quickly.

Logical grouping of hydraulic functions in the joysticks allow any operator to easily control several functions at the same time. This allows the operator to be more productive and remain comfortable throughout the work shift

Intuitive Steering Control. The 16M introduces a breakthrough in joystick steering control. This technology creates a direct relationship between the lean angle of the joystick and the turning angle of the steer tires.

A brake tensioning system holds the joystick in position until the operator moves it. In addition, the steering control automatically reduces steering sensitivity at higher ground speeds for comfortable and predictable control.

Electronic Throttle Control. Electronic Throttle Control (ETC) provides the operator with easy, precise, and consistent throttle operation. An automatic and manual mode on a single switch offers flexibility for different applications and operator preferences

Left Joystick Functions. The left joystick primarily controls the machine direction and speed.
1. Steering: Lean joystick left and right
2. Articulation: Twist joystick leftand right

3. Articulation Return to Center: Yellow thumb button

4. Wheel Lean: Two black thumb buttons

5. Direction: Index trigger shifts transmission to forward, neutral or reverse

6. Gear Selection: Two yellow thumb buttons upshift and downshift

7. Left moldboard lift cylinder: Push joystick to lower, pull joystick to raise

8. Left moldboard lift cylinder float: Pushing joystick through detent engages float

Articulation Return-to-Center.
This exclusive feature automatically returns the machine to a straight frame position from any articulation angle with the touch of a single button. Return-to-Center helps improve productivity and safety by allowing the operator to focus on controlling the moldboard.

Right Joystick Functions. The right joystick primarily controls the Drawbar, Circle and Moldboard functions.

1. Right moldboard lift cylinder: Push joystick to lower, pull joystick to raise

2. Right moldboard lift cylinder float: Pushing joystick through detent engages float

3. Moldboard slide: Lean joystick left and right

4. Circle turn: Twist joystick left and right

5. Moldboard tip: Thumb switch fore and aft

6. Drawbar center shift: Thumb switch left and right

7. Electronic Throttle Control: Trigger switch is resume and decrement

8. Auto differential Lock/Unlock: Bottom trigger button.

1. Ripper Control Pod. Infinitely variable roller switches control the rear ripper and/or front lift group (when equipped), for easy and comfortable control.

2. Programmable Auxiliary Hydraulic Pod. Four fingertip controls and a mini joystick maximize hydraulic control flexibility, accommodating up to six hydraulic circuits. Individual functions are easily programmable through Cat ET to meet the configuration you need.

The optional auxiliary hydraulic pod is provided in addition to the ripper control .pod when the machine is configured with three or more auxiliary functions

Structures, Drawbar, Circle, Moldboard
Durable structures with fast and simple DCM adjustments deliver precise material control while lowering operating costs.

Front Frame Structure. Continuous top and bottom plate construction provides consistency and strength. The flanged box section design removes welds from high stress areas, improving reliability and durability, and increasing resale values for the customer.

Rear Frame Structure. The box-sectioned hitch design and cast axle mounting helps resist torsion loads and ensure structural durability. The integrated bumper ties the rear frame together as a single, solid unit, so the frame can withstand heavy- duty applications such as ripping

Articulation Hitch. A large tapered roller bearing at the lower pivot carries loads evenly and smoothly. This joint is sealed to prevent contamination in this critical area.

A mechanical locking pin prevents frame articulation to help ensure safety when servicing or transporting the machine.

Circle Construction. Our one-piece forged steel circle is built to stand up to high stress loads and provide structural durability. The front 240° of circle teeth are hardened to reduce wear and ensure component reliability
Drawbar Construction. The A-frame drawbar features a tubular design for high strength and optimum durability.

Aggressive Blade Angle. With a long wheelbase the operator can obtain aggressive moldboard angles so material rolls more freely along the length of the blade. This is particularly helpful when handling very dry materials or cohesive soils. Better material control gets the job done faster, requires less power and saves fuel.

Top-adjust drawbar wear strips.

Top-Adjust Drawbar Wear Strips. The patented top-adjust wear strips dramatically reduce drawbar/circle adjustment time. By removing the access plates on top of the drawbar, shims and wear strips can easily be
added or replaced. This feature reduces service downtime and lowers overall machine operating costs.

Shimless moldboard retention system with adjusting screws

Replaceable Wear Inserts.
Tough, durable nylon composite wear inserts reduce rotational friction for maximum circle torque and longer component life. They are located between the drawbar and circle, and between the support shoes and circle. High load- resistant brass wearstrips are placed between the blade mounting group and moldboard. This sacrificial wear system can be replaced easily and helps keep components tight for fine grading.

Moldboard. The optimal curvature and large throat clearance help move material quickly and efficiently. Heat-treated moldboard rails, hardened cutting edges and end bits, and large diameter bolts assure reliability and longer service life. The moldboard side shift cylinder is positioned on the left side to eliminate snow wing interference.

Moldboard Positioning. The blade link bar design extends the possibilities for moldboard positioning, most beneficial in mid-range bank sloping and in ditch cutting and cleaning.

Shimless Moldboard Retention System. The unique shimless moldboard retention system reduces the potential for blade chatter. Vertical and horizontal adjusting screws keep the moldboard’s wear strips aligned for precise blade control and dramatic reductions in service time

Power Train
Integrated, electronically controlled systems, deliver smooth reliable performance with reduced operating costs.

Smooth Shifting Transmission. The 16M combines several key innovations to ensure smooth, powerful shifts throughout the gear range.

Electronically Controlled Shifting.
The full Electronic Clutch Pressure Control (ECPC) system optimizes inching modulation and smooths shifting between all gears and directional changes.
This provides outstanding control and also extends the life of the transmission by reducing stress on the gears

Load Compensation. This standard feature ensures consistent shift quality regardless of blade or machine load.

Controlled Throttle Shifting. This standard feature helps to smooth directional and gear changes without use of the inching pedal.

Engine Over-Speed Protection. Helps protect the transmission and extend component life by preventing downshifting until a safe travel speed has been established

Power Shift Countershaft Transmission. Designed and manufactured specifically for the 16M motor grader, the direct drive countershaft transmission is matched with the powerful Cat C13 engine to maximize power to the ground.

Modular Rear Axle. The 16M incorporates a bolt-on modular rear axle design, which offers easy access to differential components, improves
serviceability and contamination control, and lowers maintenance time and operating costs. The result is a rugged machine you can rely on for years
to come.

Front axle

Front Axle. The Caterpillar sealed spindle.
keeps the bearings free from contaminants and lubricated in a light-weight oil (1). This durable, low-maintenance design reduces your owning and operating costs. Two tapered roller bearings (2) support the wheel spindle. The Cat “Live Spindle” design places the larger tapered roller bearing outboard where the load is greater, extending bearing life.

Gear Selection. Eight forward and six reverse gears give the operator a wide operating range. The specifically designed range of gears ensures maximum productivity in all earthmoving applications.

Programmable Autoshift. The operator can easily customize various shift parameters through Cat Messenger to match the specific application requirement. This optional feature automatically shifts the transmission at optimal points so the operator can focus on the work, improving safety, productivity and ease of operation.

Inching Pedal. Allows precise control of machine movements in any gear with low pedal effort and excellent modulation, critical in close-quarter work or finish grading.

Automatic Differential Lock.
This standard feature automatically unlocks the differential during a turn, and re-locks once the machine is straight. A momentary override pedal can be actuated with the operator’s left heel if necessary. This helps make the machine easier to operate and provides additional protection to lower power train components

Hydraulic Brakes. The oil bathed, multi- disc service brakes are hydraulically actuated (1), providing smooth predictable braking and lower operating costs. With brakes located at each tandem wheel, the 16M offers the largest total brake surface area in the industry (2), delivering dependable stopping power and longer brake life.

Brake design.

Brake Serviceability and Reliability. An easily accessible brake wear indicator/ compensator system (3) maintains consistent brake performance and indicates brake wear without disassembly. This system cuts service time and extends brake service life.

Parking Brake. The spring-applied, hydraulically released multi-disc parking brake can be easily serviced without transmission removal to reduce operating cost. A sealed, oil-cooled design extends component life and reduces the need
for service.

Engine
The 16M combines power management with ACERT ™ Technology to deliver
maximum power and efficiency while reducing the environmental impact.

ACERT™ Technology. ACERT Technology allows Cat engines to supply more power per unit of displacement without causing premature wear.
This breakthrough technology reduces emissions during the combustion process by using advanced technology in the air and fuel systems, in conjunction with integrated electronics. ACERT Technology enhances overall engine performance while dramatically reducing exhaust emissions

Fuel Delivery. The C13 engine with ACERT Technology uses multiple injection fuel delivery to precisely shape the combustion cycle. Several small ignitions lower combustion chamber temperatures, generates fewer emissions and optimizes fuel combustion. Bottom line: more work output for your fuel cost

Power Management. The 16M Power Management System automatically delivers an additional five horsepower in each forward gear 1st through 4th, and each reverse gear 1st through 3rd. This standard feature optimizes rimpull for all gears by balancing traction, speed and horsepower while conserving fuel. The system limits horsepower in lower gears, which helps reduce wheel slip where traction is limited. With the Variable Horsepower Plus (VHP Plus) option, an additional five-horsepower is delivered in each forward gear 5th through 8th for more power at higher speeds.

Performance. The Cat C13 engine meets specific performance requirements for 16M applications. Its superior torque and lugging capability can pull through sudden, short-term increases in loads, maintaining consistent, desirable grading speeds to get the work done faster without downshifting.

Hydraulic Demand Fan. The hydraulic demand fan automatically adjusts cooling fan speed according to engine cooling requirements. This system reduces demands on the engine, putting more horsepower to the ground and improving fuel efficiency.

Exhaust Emissions Compliant.
The Cat C13 with ACERT™ Technology meets or exceeds all U.S. EPA Tier 3 and European Union Stage IIIa emissions control standards

Hydraulics
The 16M electro-hydraulics enable advanced machine controls with precise
and predictable movements.

Advanced Electro-Hydraulic System. The 16M incorporates a state-of-the-art electro-hydraulic system. This technology is the foundation for revolutionary changes of the machine and implement controls. Advanced joystick controls provide unmatched controllability with precise, predictable hydraulic movements and the reliability you expect from Caterpillar.

Blade Float. Blade float is built into the blade lift control valves and is optional for some auxiliary hydraulic functions. The blade float feature allows the blade to move freely under its own weight. By floating both cylinders, the blade can follow the contours of the road when removing snow. Floating only one cylinder permits the toe of the blade to follow a hard surface while the operator controls the slope with the other lift cylinder

Cat® XT™ Hose. Caterpillar hose technology allows high pressures for maximum power and reduced downtime. Intelligent routing minimizes exposure to damage. Hose clips prevent hose rubbing and excessive vibration for lower owning and operating costs.

Independent Oil Supply. Large, separate hydraulic oil supply prevents cross- contamination and provides proper oil cooling, which reduces heat build-up and extends component life.

Load Sensing Hydraulics (PPPC).
The time proven load-sensing system and the advanced Proportional Priority Pressure-Compensating (PPPC, or “triple-PC”) electro-hydraulic valves on the 16M are designed to provide superior implement control and enhanced machine performance in all applications. Continuous matching of hydraulic flow and pressure to power demands creates less heat and reduces power consumption

Balanced Flow. Hydraulic flow is proportioned to ensure all implements operate simultaneously with little effect on the engine or implement speeds If demand exceeds pump capacity, all cylinder velocities are reduced by the same ratio. The result is improved productivity in all applications

Consistent and Predictable Movement. PPPC valves have different flow rates for the head (red) and rod (blue) ends of the cylinder. This ensures consistent extension and retraction speeds for each cylinder, and gives the operator a consistent and predictable response every time an implement control is moved

Predictable movements

Integrated Electronic Solutions
Full systems integration optimizes machine performance and availability.

“Smart Machine”. The 16M fully integrates all core systems creating a “Smart Machine.” The Cat data link shares key data among systems,
optimizing machine performance while preventing potential machine damage.

Electronic Technician (Cat ET). Cat ET is a two-way communication tool that gives service technicians easy access to stored diagnostic data and lets them
configure the machine parameters through the Cat Data Link. This integrated feature reduces machine downtime and lowers operating costs.

Diagnostics. Cat Messenger, combined with full systems integration, enhances the diagnostic capability of the 16M.
Machine system errors are displayed in text as well as with fault codes, allowing service technicians and operators to quickly analyze critical data, increasing machine availability.

Machine Security System (MSS). The optional MSS uses electronically coded keys to limit usage by specific individuals or times of the day.
MSS deters theft, vandalism and unauthorized use

Product Link. The optional Product Link system streamlines diagnostic efforts, and reduces downtime, maintenance scheduling and costs by providing a communication flow of vital machine data and location. Product Link gives automatic updates on machine parameters such as machine hours, machine condition, location, fault codes and alarms directly to your office computer

Cat Messenger. Standard on the 16M, Cat Messenger provides real-time machine performance and diagnostic data with an easy-to-use interface. Messenger monitors all system data and alerts the operator of any faults through a digital text display that can be shown in multiple languages

Low Battery Elevated Idle. After the 16M is at low idle for an extended period and low system voltage is detected, idle speed is raised. This ensures adequate system voltage and improves battery reliability

Automatic Engine Deration. Protects the C13 engine by automatically lowering engine torque output and alerting the operator if critical conditions are detected

Optional Automatic Blade Control. The Caterpillar AccuGrade System automatically controls the blade, improving operator efficiency and productivity. AccuGrade™ technology reduces the need for traditional survey stakes or grade checkers, so you can reach grade faster and in fewer passes than ever before.

Accu Grade Attachment Ready Option. The AccuGrade System is fully integrated into the machine design, making installation quick and easy. Integral hydraulic and electrical components are standard on the 16M (Grade Control Ready). The AccuGrade Attachment Ready Option provides additional mounting brackets, cab controls and electrical harnesses for easy installation of the Cross Slope, Sonic, Laser, GPS or ATS electronics kits.

Work Tools and Attachments
The Work Tools and optional attachments for the 16M expand machine versatility, utilization and performance.

MoldboardOptions.A4.9m(16ft) moldboard is standard on the 16M from the factory. Left and right side moldboard extensions are also available, increasing versatility.
Ground Engaging Tools (GET). A wide variety of Caterpillar GET is available on the 16M, including cutting edges, graderbits and end bits, all designed for maximum service life and productivity.

Variable Float. The optional variable float feature gives the operator the ability to select the amount of down force the blade has when it is in float. This allows the operator to easily follow the contour of the haul road when removing only the loose material, increasing productivity and cutting edge life.

Front Mounted Groups. A front mounted push plate/counterweight can be ordered on the 16M. A Caterpillar Work Tools front lift group can be combined with a front dozer blade for added versatility.

Compression Brake. The optional three- phase compression brake enables higher travel speeds downhill, while reducing wear on brake components. This improves overall productivity and lowers maintenance costs.

Ripper. The 16M optional ripper is made to penetrate tough material fast and rip thoroughly for easier material movement with the moldboard. The ripper includes three shanks with the ability to add four more if needed

Automatic Lubrication System.
The optional Lincoln Centro-Matic® AutoLube System maintains the proper grease lubrication on working surfaces, significantly extending component life. Contaminants are purged from open pins and bushings to help prevent dirt from damaging critical components

Fast-Fill Fuel. The 16M offers a standard Fast-Fill that allows customers to refuel in less than two minutes for fast, accurate filling and reduced downtime

Safety
Safety is an integral part of all machine and system designs

Steel Tandem Walkways.
Perforated raised steel walkways cover the tandems. This provides a sturdy platform for standing and walking, and additional protection for the brake lines.

ROPS/FOPS Cab. Isolation mounted to the frame to reduce vibration and sound, the integral ROPS/FOPS structure meets ISO and SAE criteria for operator protection.

Operator Presence System. The Operator Presence System keeps the parking brake engaged and hydraulic implements disabled until the operator is seated and the machine is ready for safe operation.

Secondary Steering System. The standard secondary steering system automatically engages an electric hydraulic pump in case of a drop in steering pressure, allowing the operator to steer the machine to a stop.

Speed Sensitive Steering. The steering software automatically provides an infinitely variable ratio between the joystick and the steer tires, resulting
in less sensitive steering as the ground speed increases.

Low Sound and Vibration Levels. Isolation mounts for the cab, engine and transmission maximize operator comfort and help to minimize sound and vibration. These modifications provide a quieter and more comfortable working environment, optimizing operator focus

Hydraulic Lockout. A simple switch located in the cab disables all implement functions while still providing machine steering control. This safety feature is especially useful while the machine
is roading.

Brake Systems. Brakes are located at each tandem wheel to eliminate braking loads on the power train. In addition, the brake systems are redundant and utilize accumulators to enable stopping in case of machine failure, further increasing operational safety.

Drop-Down Rear Lights. Optional drop- down lights fold out from the rear of the machine. This creates a wider, lower profile to be better aligned with passenger cars.

Window-Cleaning Platform. The optional window-cleaning platform provides easy access to all windows

Rearview Camera. Visibility is further enhanced with an optional Work Area Vision System (WAVS) through a
178 mm (7 in) LCD color monitor in the cab. Developed specifically for rugged applications, this durable camera improves productivity and increases operator awareness of surroundings.

High Intensity Discharge (HID) Lighting. Optional HID lights can replace the standard halogen lamps. The powerful HID lights are four times brighter, improving night time visibility and safety.

Circle Drive Slip Clutch. This standard feature protects the drawbar, circle and moldboard from shock loads when the blade encounters an immovable object. It also reduces the possibility of abrupt directional changes in poor traction conditions, protecting the machine, operator and surroundings.

Blade Lift Accumulators. This standard feature uses accumulators to help absorb impact loads to the moldboard by allowing vertical blade travel. Blade lift accumulators reduce unnecessary wear and help to avoid unintended machine movement for increased operator safety.

Engine Shutoff Switch. An engine shutoff switch is located at ground level on the left rear of the machine, allowing anyone nearby to shut it down in case of an emergency.

Electrical Disconnect Switch. A battery disconnect switch, located inside the left rear enclosure, provides ground-level lockout of the electrical system to prevent inadvertent starting of the machine.

Rear Fenders. To help reduce objects flying from the tires, as well as build-up of mud, snow or debris, optional rear fenders can be added

Additional Safety Features. The 16M has many additional standard safety features, including laminated glass on the front windows and doors, back-uplights and sounding alarm, black glare-reducing paint on the front frame and engine enclosure, lockable doors, and conveniently located grab rails for added safety.

Serviceability and Customer Support
Simplified service, world-class product support and Cat® dealer-trained experts keep your fleet up and running, maximizing your equipment investment

Grouped Service Points. The 16M groups daily service points in the left side service center to help ensure proper maintenance and inspection routines.

Extended Service Intervals. The 16M extended service intervals, such as 500-hour engine oil changes and 4,000-hour hydraulic oil changes, reduce machine service time and increase availability.

Ecology Drains. Conveniently located ecology drains shorten service times and help keep the environment safe by preventing spills

Diagnostics and Monitoring. The 16M integrates Cat Messenger, Cat Electronic Technician and S•O•SSM Sampling ports for easy monitoring and fast troubleshooting, keeping your machine up and running.

Machine Selection. Make detailed comparisons of the machines under consideration before purchase. Cat dealers help you size the right machine for your operations and can estimate component life, preventative maintenance cost, and the true cost of production.

Purchase. Consider the financing options available, as well as day-to-day operating costs. Look at dealer services that can be included in the cost of the machine to yield lower equipment owning and operating costs over the long run

Grouped Component Rebuilds. Rebuilds take your machine out of service. Caterpillar designs components in groups to be rebuilt at the same time, maximizing uptime.

Maintenance Services. Repair option programs guarantee the cost of repairs up front. Diagnostics programs such as Scheduled Oil Sampling, S•O•SSM
analysis, Coolant Sampling and Technical Analysis help avoid unscheduled repairs.

Product Support. You will find nearly all parts at our dealer parts counter. Cat dealers use a world-wide computer network to track in-stock parts to minimize machine down time.
Save money with genuine Cat Reman parts. You receive the same warranty and reliability as new products at substantial cost savings